Among them 359 were caused by taenia saginata, three by t. Taenia solium the common name for taenia solium is pork tapeworm i. Taenia saginata, the beef tapeworm, and taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, are the most common tapeworms affecting humans. Iv whofaooie guidelines for the surveillance, prevention and control of taeniosiscysticercosis theodore e. Nash, laboratory of parasitic diseases, national institute of allergy and infectious diseases, national institutes of health, bethesda, maryland.
Diagnosis of taenia tapeworm infections is made by examination of stool samples. Keywords taeniasiscysticercosis, taenia solium, taenia saginata, neurocysticercosis. Infection by taenia solium adults can be prevented by fully cooking pork before eating it. Comparing the gravid proglottid is the best practice. Infection with the larval form of taenia solium, t. Infection follows consumption of undercooked beef or pork containing cysts. Epidemiology of teniasiscysticercosis by taenia solium and taenia saginata. Proglottid is smaller than t saginata and has 7 lateral branches off the central uterus. Jan 12, 2020 taenia saginata is a topic covered in the johns hopkins abx guide to view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription official website of the johns hopkins antibiotic abx, hiv, diabetes, and psychiatry guides, powered by unbound medicine. It measures 5 to 10 mm in breadth by 3 to 4 mm in length. Taenia saginata is one of two agents responsible for human taeniasis, the other being taenia solium. However, recent epidemiologic studies in southeast asia have identified a third taenia species in humans, known as t asiatica. Taenia saginata was differentiated from taenia solium infection by the late 1700s.
Taenia saginata adult worms live in human small intestine causing taeniasis. Taenia solium, taenia saginata, taenia asiatica, their hybrids and other helminthic infections occurring in a neglected tropical diseases highly. Stool specimens should be collected on three different days and examined in the lab for taenia eggs using a microscope. Epidemiology of taenia saginata taeniosiscysticercosis parasites. The structure and life cycle of taenia with diagram. It contains an unarmed scolex invaginated at one side. One of these antigens is tso31, which is used to differentiate taenia solium and taenia saginata. One is due to eating undercooked pork that contains the cysts and results in adult worms in the intestines. Eggs are shed into the environment via human feces, and when ingested by pigs, they develop into tissue cysts, causing cysticercosis. Taenia saginata is a parasite so its habitat and nutrition comes from another organism. Pdf epidemiology of taenia saginata taeniosiscysticercosis. T aeniid tapeworm infections in the human intestine are caused by taenia solium, t. Read this article to learn learn about the structure and life cycle of taenia.
Tim odempsey, in antibiotic and chemotherapy ninth edition, 2010. Pdf taeniasis, caused by infection with taenia saginata or taenia solium, occurs on bali due to the consumption of undercooked beef and. Man is the primary or definitive host, the secondary host for t. Difference between taenia solium and taenia saginata learn. Fairley, in mandell, douglas, and bennetts principles and practice of infectious diseases eighth edition, 2015. Taenia solium and taenia saginata are two zoonotic parasites that cause taeniosis in. Taenia saginata taeniasis produces only mild abdominal symptoms. Differentiating taenia solium and taenia saginata infections by. Taenia solium, taenia asiatica, and taenia saginata. They are morphologically indistinguishable form the eggs of taenia saginata but, unlike the eggs of t. Differentiating taenia solium and taenia saginata infections.
Cestodes taenia saginata north dakota department of health. Historically, taenia tapeworms were believed to have infected humans no more than 10,000 years ago, around the time of domestication of cows and pigs. Taeniasis is the infection of humans with the adult tapeworm of taenia saginata or taenia solium. It is important to diagnose and treat all tapeworm. The larvae of these organisms are called cysticerci singular. Restate the basic concepts of parasitology define of the various terms related to basic parasitology discuss briefly the life cycle and pathogenesis of medically important parasites apply the knowledge of the life cycle to the principles of laboratory diagnosis learning outcomes. Adult worms may cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms or passage of a motile segment in the stool. Taenia saginata beef tapeworm, taenia solium pork tapeworm or taenia asiatica asian tapeworm. Taenia saginata, cestoda, beef tapeworm, taeniosis, bovine cysticercosis, north and south. Taenia solium completes its life cycle in two different vertebrate hosts, man and pig. The highest incidence of cryptosporidium was found in both groups with abdominal discomfort. Pdf taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode that causes taeniasis and. Johann goeze is credited with the first correct description of taenia latin, flat band or ribbon saginata latin, fed, commonly known as the beef tapeworm, in 1782.
Although many species exist, two species, taenia saginata and taenia solium, cause pathology in humans. Pig cow acts as intermediate host and harbour the larval stage. Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm, a tapeworm belonging to the cyclophyllid cestode family taeniidae. Several studies have been performed to determine specific antigens for the diagnosis of tapeworms. The most striking feature consists of the passage active and passive of proglottids.
Gravid proglottid from the cestode taenia saginata 5259 lores. General recognition features can be 10 meters long though usually 25 meters 2000 proglottids 1 cm long with 12 being gravid proglottids have 1520 lateral branches from the uterus and a lateral genital pore scolex has 4 suckers with a. Taenia solium and taenia saginata linkedin slideshare. Humans can become infected with these tapeworms by eating raw or undercooked beef t. People with taeniasis may not know they have a tapeworm. Humans are the sole final hosts, carrying the adult tapeworm in the intestine taeniosis. However, the recent increase in international tourism and immigration is spreading the disease into nonendemic developed countries such. Proper sanitation and hygiene can prevent the occurrence of eggs in the environment that could lead to cysticercosis. Taenia solium eggs can also cause cysticercosis life cycle. Humans act as the definitive host and harbour the adult tapeworm in the small intestine. However, the recent increase in international tourism and immigration is spreading the disease into non. Taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. Occasionally, appendicitis or cholangitis can result from migrating proglottids.
In principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases. An update of versters 1969 taxonomic revision of the genus taenia linnaeus cestoda in table format. It is an intestinal parasite in humans causing taeniasis a type of helminthiasis and cysticercosis in cattle. Taenia solium infection taeniasis is an intestinal infection with adult tapeworms that follows ingestion of contaminated pork. Taeniasis is the parasitic infection of humans caused by adult tapeworm species.
Prevention of cysticercosis includes the prompt identification and removal of adult infections to eliminate the possibility of autoinfection. It is found throughout the world and is most common in countries where pork is eaten. Of the 32 recognized species of taenia, only taenia solium and taenia saginata are medically important. It is also called tapeworm as the shape of the body is like a tape. The parasite is traditionally found in developing countries where undercooked pork is consumed under poor sanitary conditions andor as part of traditional food cultures. Count the number of lateral uterine branches on one side of the main branch. Taenia saginata beef tapeworm infection infectious. Pdf epidemiology of teniasiscysticercosis by taenia solium. Man is considered to be the definitive host and the pig is considered as the intermediate host. Jan 10, 20 stool specimens should be collected on three different days and examined in the lab for taenia eggs using a microscope. Jan 17, 2012 taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. Now the beef tapeworm has two hosts that it infects in a lifetime. Africa, middleeast, central and south america, europe and asia t. Correct identification is important because the consequences of human infection by these two parasites are very different.
Pawlowski, clinic of tropical and parasitic diseases, university of medical sciences, ul. Pdf epidemiology of teniasiscysticercosis by taenia. Taeniasis in humans is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm species taenia saginata beef tapeworm, taenia solium pork tapeworm, and taenia asiatica asian tapeworm. The life cycle of taenia solium involves the pig as the normal intermediate host harboring the larval vesicles, or cysticerci and humans as the definitive host harboring the adult tapeworm. Taenia saginata synonym taeniarhynchus saginatus, commonly known as the beef tapeworm, is a zoonotic tapeworm belonging to the order cyclophyllidea and genus taenia. As is the case for all of southeast europe, serbia is. Except the adult, various stages of its life history are passed in the body of secondary host. It is worldwide in distribution the infection is common amongst those eating raw or insufficiently cooked measly pork. Cestodes taenia solium north dakota department of health. Infection with an adult tapeworm is known as taeniasis and occurs only in humans, the sole definitive host footnote 1, footnote 4. May 14, 2014 taenia solium completes its life cycle in two different vertebrate hosts, man and pig. Taenia saginata, known as the beef tapeworm, is transmitted to humans in the form of infectious larval cysts found in the meat of cattle, which serve as the parasites usual intermediate host. Taenia solium pork tapeworm infection and cysticercosis.
Taenia solium cysticercosispork tapeworm flashcards. Difference between taenia solium and taenia saginata. The parasite is traditionally found in developing countries where undercooked pork is consumed under poor sanitary conditions and or as part of traditional food cultures. Cysticercosis is a neglected zoonotic disease attributable to infection with the metacestode larval stage of the tapeworm taenia solium. Pdf taeniasis and cysticercosis due to taenia solium in japan. Tapeworm eggs can be detected in the stool 2 to 3 months after the. Humans can also be infected with the larval stage after. The cestodes tapeworms taenia saginata beef tapeworm and t. Pdf taenia solium and taenia saginata researchgate. Tapeworm eggs can be detected in the stool 2 to 3 months after the tapeworm infection is established. Taenia solium taeniasis is less frequently symptomatic than taenia saginata taeniasis. Taeniasis and cysticercosis due to taenia solium in japan. In this article we will discuss about taenia solium.
The restellum resembles the conventional figures of the sun, hence the name solium. The body is elongated, dorsoventrally flattened and ribbonlike. Taenia saginata definition of taenia saginata by medical. Larval stage cysticercus bovis lives in cattle tissues. Taenia solium infection has been recognized since biblical times and the parasite life cycle has been identified by the 1850s. At one time, the larvae and adult tapeworms were thought to be different species.
Taeniosis and cysticercosis in serbia, 19902018 international. It can live for about 8 months in the flesh of cattle. Taenia saginata soliumis suspected, in endemic areas, by the crawling movements of gravid segments in the perianal area. Whofaooie guidelines for the surveillance, prevention. The adult worm spends most of its time in the humans small intestine.